دليل تقييم سلامة المرضى

تكتسي معايير سلامة المرضى أهمية بالغة لإرساء برامج سلامة المرضى وتقييمها في ِ المستشفيات. وتعرض هذه الطبعة الثالثة من دليل تقييم سلامة المرضى مجموعة محدثة من القواعد ومعايير التقييم، التي تجسد أفضل الممارسات الحالية وإرشادات منظمة َ الصحة العالمية في هذا المجال. وسيدعم الدليل تنفيذ برامج تقييم سلامة المرضى في المستشفيات وتحسينها ضمن إطار عمل المستشفيات المراعية لسلامة المرضى بما يضمن أن تكون سلامة المرضى أولوية، وأن تنفذ المرافق وطواقم العمل بها أفضل الممارسات. وهذا الدليل أداة رئيسية تستخدمها الجمعيات المهنية، والجهات التنظيمية أو الرقابية أو هيئات االعتماد، ووزارات الصحة من أجل تحسين سلامة المرضى

Assistência de enfermagem no âmbito hospitalar: a experiência de pessoas privadas de liberdade / Nursing care in the hospital environment: the experience of people deprived of liberty / La atención de enfermería en el ámbito hospitalario: la experiencia de las personas privadas de libertad

Objetivo: Descrever a avaliação de pessoas privadas de liberdade sobre a assistência de enfermagem recebida no ambiente hospitalar. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada em unidades de clínica médica e cirúrgica de três hospitais públicos, de capitais da região Nordeste do Brasil, referência em atendimento de urgência e emergência. A partir da aplicação técnica de exaustão, a amostra foi composta por 17 custodiados, do sexo masculino, em internação hospitalar. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas. Submeteu-se os dados à metodologia da análise de conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Resultados: Emergiram três categorias de análise: Percepção sobre o cuidado, Protocolo de segurança e Direitos das pessoas privadas de liberdade. Os sujeitos relataram insatisfação na garantia dos seus direitos, especificamente quando se referem à autorização de visitas; descrevem a realização de cuidados com distinção e preconceitos evidentes e reconhecem que o uso da algema e a presença do policial penal geram uma atmosfera de medo entre os profissionais e os demais pacientes na ala hospitalar. Conclusão: A avaliação sobre a prática assistencial hospitalar é positiva embora seja evidente a necessidade de refletir sobre a (re)organização do processo de trabalho, afinal a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem não se refere exclusivamente a habilidades técnicas. (AU)

Objective: To describe the assessment of people deprived of liberty on the nursing care received in the hospital environment. Methods: Qualitative research carried out in medical and surgical clinic units of three public hospitals, in capitals of the Northeast region of Brazil, reference in urgent and emergency care. From the technical application of exhaustion, the sample consisted of 17 male custodians in hospital. For data collection, semi-structured interviews were used. Data were submitted to the content analysis methodology proposed by Bardin. Results: Three categories of analysis emerged: Perception of care, Safety protocol and people deprived of liberty rights. The subjects reported dissatisfaction with the guarantee of their rights, specifically when referring to authorization for visits; describe the performance of care with distinction and evident prejudices and recognize that the use of handcuffs and the presence of the criminal policeman generate an atmosphere of fear among professionals and other patients in the hospital wing. Conclusion: The assessment of hospital care practice is positive, although the need to reflect on the (re)organization of the work process is evident, after all, the quality of nursing care does not refer exclusively to technical skills. (AU)

Objetivo: Describir la valoración de las personas privadas de libertad sobre los cuidados de enfermería recibidos en el ámbito hospitalario. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa realizada en unidades clínicas médico-quirúrgicas de tres hospitales públicos, en capitales de la región Nordeste de Brasil, referencia en atención urgente y de emergencia. A partir de la aplicación técnica del agotamiento, la muestra estuvo compuesta por 17 custodios masculinos en el hospital. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los datos fueron sometidos a la metodología de análisis de contenido propuesta por Bardin. Resultados: Surgieron tres categorías de análisis: Percepción del cuidado, Protocolo de seguridad y Derechos de las personas privadas de libertad. Los sujetos informaron descontento con la garantía de sus derechos, específicamente al referirse a la autorización de visitas; describir el desempeño de la atención con distinción y prejuicios evidentes y reconocer que el uso de esposas y la presencia del policía criminal generan un ambiente de miedo entre los profesionales y otros pacientes en el ala del hospital. Conclusion: La valoración de la práctica asistencial hospitalaria es positiva, si bien es evidente la necesidad de reflexionar sobre la (re) organización del proceso de trabajo, al fin y al cabo, la calidad de la atención de enfermería no se refiere exclusivamente a las habilidades técnicas. (AU)

Incidences de la présence des garde-malades sur la prise en charge médicale des patients. Etude menée au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville

La gestion du malade dans l?univers hospitalier implique non seulement le personnel soignant, mais aussi d?autres acteurs sociaux encore moins connus des gestionnaires des structures hospitalières et des catégories socio professionnelles y évoluant. Parmi ces acteurs encore moins connu, il y a le garde-malade faisant partie du personnel hospitalier en charge de la prise en charge des patients en milieu hospitalier. Cependant au Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville en République du Congo, les garde-malades sont constitués des parents, amis et connaissances dont la représentation est importante dans cet univers hospitalier. Cette représentation aussi remarquable soit ­ elle, interpelle plus d?un observateur au point de s?interroger sur les raisons à l?origine de cette présence. Notre étude répond à la logique qui est celle de tenter de comprendre et d?analyser ce phénomène devenu très inquiétant. Ce phénomène est donc à lire dans la perspective de la complexité des réalités sociales qui s?expliquent à partir des déterminants socio culturels, fondements de la vie sociale. Aussi, la faiblesse des services sous tutelle du C.H.U-B et la culture bantoue, laquelle repose sur la solidarité mécanique qui, appelle à la cohésion sociale, constituent des facteurs qui expliquent ce phénomène. A cet effet, une observation participante a été effectuée dans cette structure hospitalière. Celle-ci a permis de relever une influence importante qui, pour diverses raisons réponde aux préoccupations des malades. Cette étude présente trois intérêts : scientifique, social et personnel. D?abord, elle montre la difficulté en ressources humaines qui se traduit par la sous représentativité des catégories socio professionnelles qui, contribueraient à résoudre la question de l?effectivité de prise en charge du malade. Ensuite, l?étude présente un autre intérêt qui met en exergue la cohésion sociale qui, s?exprime à travers la chaine de solidarité dont la famille est le maillon. Le dernier centre d?intérêt est personnel. Il met en relief un aspect culturel très intéressant, celui de l?homogénéité et de la dynamique des rapports des acteurs impliqués dans la gestion du malade. Quoi qu?il en soit, le garde-malade joue un rôle de premier plan dans la gestion du malade. Il accompagne le personnel soignant, car partageant le même environnement social que le malade. Aussi, sa visibilité nécessite un encadrement juridique pour lui donner une véritable identité.

The management of the patient in the hospital word involves not only the nursing staff, but also other social actors even less known to the manager of hospital structures and socio-professional categories. Among these actors even less known, there is the nurse who is part of the hospital staff in charge of the care of patients in hospital environment. Howerver at the Brazzaville Hospital and University Center in the Republic of Congo, the nurses are made up of relatives, friends and acquaintanees whose representation is important in this hospital environment. This representation, as remarkable as it is, calls out to more than one observer to the point of questioning the reasons behind this presence.Our study reponds to the logic of trying to understand and analyze this phenomenon, which has become very worrying. This phenomenon should therefore be read in the perspective of the complexity of social realities which can be explained on the basis of socio-cultural determinants, the foundations of social life. Also, the weakness of the services under the supervision of the C.H.U-B and of the Bantu culture, which is based on mechanical solidarity, which, calls for social cohesion, are factors that explain this phenomenon. To this end, a participant observation was carried out this hospital structure. This made it possible to identify an important influence which, for various reasons, responds to the concerns of patients. This study has three interests: scientific, social and personal. First, it shows the difficulty in human resources which result in the representativeness of the socio-professional categories which would help to resolve the issue of effectiveness of patient care. The study presents another interest which highlights the social cohesion which is expressed through the chain of solidarity of which the family is the link. The last area of interest is personal. It highlights a very interesting cultural aspect, that of the homogeneity and dynamics of relationships of the actors involved in the management of the patient. In any case, the nurse plays a leading role in management of the patient. He supports the nursing staff, because they share the same social environment as the patient. Also, its visibility requires a legal framework to give it a real identity

Percepções dos profissionais da saúde sobre a presença do acompanhante no nascimento / Perceptions of health professionals about the presence of the accompanying party at birth / Percepciones de los profesionales de la salud sobre la presencia del acompañante al nacimiento

Objetivo: descrever as percepções dos profissionais da saúde sobre a presença do acompanhante no processo do nascimento. Método: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado em um hospital escola, com 29 profissionais da saúde. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas, entre maio a julho de 2018, sendo analisadas com abordagem baseada no Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: após análise emergiram quatro Ideias Centrais: experiências positivas e a participação do acompanhante, o ambiente desconhecido gera sentimento de insegurança no acompanhante, a presença do acompanhante causa desconforto na equipe de saúde e o profissional barra o acompanhante pela presunção de que ele irá atrapalhar. Conclusão: as percepções dos profissionais se mostraram conflitantes, sendo que alguns percebem a importância e os benefícios do acompanhante no nascimento, e outros apontaram que ele atrapalha a equipe de saúde, pela ansiedade e estresse, prejudicando a equipe de saúde e interferindo de maneira negativa

Objective: to describe the perceptions of health professionals about the presence of a companion in the birth process. Method: a descriptive, qualitative study, carried out in a teaching hospital, with 29 health professionals. Data collection was carried out through interviews, between May and July 2018, being analyzed using an approach based on the Collective Subject Discourse. Results:after analysis, four Central Ideas emerged: positive experiences and the companion's participation, the unknown environment generates feelings of insecurity in the companion, the presence of the companion causes discomfort in the health team and the professional stops the companion due to the presumption that it will hinder. Conclusion: the perceptions of the professionals were conflicting, with some perceiving the importance and benefits of the companion at birth, and others pointed out that it disturbs the health team, due to anxiety and stress, harming the health team and interfering in a negative way

Objetivo: describir las percepciones de los profesionales de la salud sobre la presencia de un acompañante en el proceso del parto. Método: estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, realizado en un hospital universitario, con 29 profesionales de la salud. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas, entre mayo y julio de 2018, siendo analizadas con un enfoque basado en el Discurso Colectivo del Sujeto. Resultados: luego del análisis surgieron cuatro Ideas Centrales: experiencias positivas y la participación del acompañante, el entorno desconocido genera sentimientos de inseguridad en el acompañante, la presencia del acompañante provoca malestar en el equipo de salud y el profesional detiene al acompañante por presunción de que dificultará. Conclusión: las percepciones de los profesionales fueron conflictivas, algunos percibieron la importancia y los beneficios del acompañante al nacer, y otros señalaron que perturba al equipo de salud, por ansiedad y estrés, perjudicando al equipo de salud e interfiriendo de manera negativa

Manuel d’évaluation de la sécurité des patients: troisième édition

Les normes de sécurité des patients sont essentielles pour l’instauration et l'évaluation de programmes de sécurité des patients au sein des hôpitaux. Cette troisième édition du manuel d'évaluation de la sécurité des patients fournit un ensemble actualisé de normes et de critères d'évaluation qui reflètent les meilleures pratiques actuelles et les lignes directrices de l'OMS. Le manuel soutiendra la mise en oeuvre d’évaluations de la sécurité des patients et de programmes d’amélioration au sein des hôpitaux en tant que partie intégrante du Cadre pour la sécurité des patients à l’hôpital afin de garantir que la priorité est accordée à la sécurité des patients et que les établissements et le personnel mettent en oeuvre les meilleures pratiques. Ce manuel est un outil essentiel à l’usage des associations professionnelles, des organes de réglementation, d’accréditation ou de surveillance et des ministères de la santé pour améliorer la sécurité des patients.

Comunicación terapéutica del enfermero, desde la perspectiva del hospitalizado en el hospital General Jaén, Perú / Therapeutic communication of the nurse, from the vision of the hospitalized in the General hospital Jaén, Peru

OBJETIVO: Determinar el nivel de comunicación terapéutica del profesional de enfermería desde la perspectiva de las personas hospitalizadas en el servicio de medicina del Hospital General Jaén, Perú. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio cuantitativo, nivel descriptivo; observacional, prospectivo, transversal, análisis estadístico univariado, muestra constituida por 122 personas hospitalizadas, se utilizó como instrumento el "Cuestionario de la comunicación terapéutica" elaborado por Lourdes Guevara Chuquillanqui, con validez por juicio de expertos fue VC = 2.2 > VT = 1.6449 y una confiabilidad de 0.92. RESULTADOS: El 100% (122) de las personas hospitalizadas; 71.3% (87) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo y el 28.7% (35) nivel medio. Según las dimensiones: en empatía el 70.5% (86) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo, el 27% (33) nivel medio y 2.5% (3) nivel alto, en la dimensión respeto el 54.9% (67) percibió una comunicación terapéutica un nivel bajo, el 42.6% (52) un nivel medio y el 2.5% (3) nivel alto, en la dimensión escucha receptiva el 54.9% (67) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo y el 45.1% (55) nivel medio, en la dimensión emociones del paciente el 57.4% (70) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo, el 34.4% (42) nivel medio y el 8.2% (10) nivel alto, en la dimensión acompañamiento en su reflexión el 68% (83) percibió una comunicación terapéutica de nivel bajo, el 68% (83) nivel bajo, el 25.4% (31) nivel medio y 6.6% (8) nivel alto. CONCLUSIONES: La percepción de comunicación terapéutica de las personas hospitalizadas fue de nivel bajo a medio

OBJECTIVE: Determine the level of therapeutic communication professional nursing from the perspective of people hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Service of the General Hospital Jaén, Peru. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Research quantitative, descriptive level; an observational, prospective and cross-sectional study, univariate statistical analysis. The sample was composed of 122 people hospitalized, It was used as an instrument of the "therapeutic communication Questionnaire" developed by Lourdes Guevara Chuquillanqui, which was validated by expert judgement as VC = 2.2 > VT = 1.6449 and a reliability of 0.92. RESULTS: 100% (122) of persons hospitalized; 71.3% (87) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level and the 28.7% (35) medium level. According to the dimensions: In empathy 86 (70.5%) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level, the 27% (33) Medium level and 2.5% (3) high level, in the respect dimension 67 (54.9%) perceived a therapeutic communication a low level, the 42.6% (52) a medium level and 2.5% (3) high level, in the dimension receptive listening 67 (54.9%) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level and the 45.1% (55) medium level, in the emotions of the patient 70 (57.4%) perceived a therapeutic communication of low level, the 34.4% (42) Medium level and 8.2% (10) high level, in the dimension accompanying upon their reflection the 68%. (83) earned a therapeutic communication of low level, the 68% (83) low level, 25.4% (31) Medium level and 6.6% (8) high level. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion the perception of therapeutic communication of persons hospitalized was of low to medium level

Patient safety assessment manual: third edition

Patient safety standards are critical for the establishment and assessment of patient safety programmes within hospitals. This third edition of the Patient safety assessment manual provides an updated set of standards and assessment criteria that reflect current best practice and WHO guidance. The manual will support the implementation of patient safety assessments and improvement programmes within hospitals as part of the Patient Safety Friendly Hospital Framework to ensure that patient safety is prioritized and facilities and staff implement best practices. The manual is a key tool for use by professional associations regulatory accrediting or oversight bodies and ministries of health to improve patient safety.

Consideraciones clínicas para fonoaudiólogos en el tratamiento de personas con COVID-19 y traqueostomía. Parte II: Mejorando la fonación para facilitar la comunicación / Clinical considerations for speech-language pathologists in the treatment of people with COVID-19 and tracheostomy. Part II: Improving phonation to facilitate communicatio

La enfermedad COVID-19 fue declarada pandemia por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Su presentación más severa genera una condición que requiere tratamiento en unidades de cuidados intensivos, condición que al prolongarse en el tiempo requiere la implementación de una traqueostomía para facilitar la entrega de soporte ventilatorio invasivo. Si bien este dispositivo posee importantes ventajas que favorecen la recuperación y rehabilitación, también es cierto que genera diversas complicaciones en la comunicación de las personas, condición que se suma a los efectos propios del COVID-19 y la frecuente historia de intubación endotraqueal previa. El objetivo de este artículo es proveer orientaciones y herramientas clínicas para el tratamiento de la fonación para la comunicación en personas con traqueostomía y COVID-19. Se considera para ello las recomendaciones de la literatura existentes a la fecha, bajo un análisis pragmático y basado en nuestra experiencia de atender a más de 561 personas con esta condición. Se exponen las características de la comunicación en esta población, su tratamiento, consideraciones para el uso de técnicas específicas y orientaciones para la mejora de la calidad de vida. Siempre con un enfoque orientado al cuidado y protección de las/os usuarias/os y el equipo de salud, en particular fonoaudiólogas y fonoaudiólogos del país.

The COVID-19 disease was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. When most severe, it generates a condition that requires treatment in intensive care units, which, when extended in time, requires implementing of a tracheostomy to facilitate invasive ventilatory support. Although ventilatory support has important advantages that favor recovery and rehabilitation, it generates various complications for patients' communication, a condition that adds to the effects of COVID-19 and the frequent history of previous endotracheal intubation. The aim of this article is to provide guidance and clinical tools for the treatment of phonation to facilitate communication in people with tracheostomy and COVID-19. For this, the recommendations of the existing available literature are considered, under a pragmatic analysis and based on our experience of treating more than 561 infected patients. The characteristics of communication in this population, its treatment, considerations for the use of specific techniques and guidelines to improve quality of life are exposed. Always with an approach oriented to the care and protection of users and the health team, in particular speech-language pathologists in the country.

Exploring the hospital patient journey: What does the patient experience?

PURPOSE: To understand how different methodologies of qualitative research are able to capture patient experience of the hospital journey. METHODS: A qualitative study of orthopaedic patients admitted for hip and knee replacement surgery in a 250-bed university hospital was performed. Eight patients were shadowed from the time they entered the hospital to the time of transfer to rehabilitation. Four patients and sixteen professionals, including orthopaedists, head nurses, nurses and administrative staff, were interviewed. RESULTS: Through analysis of the data collected four main themes emerged: the information gap; the covering patient-professionals relationship; the effectiveness of family closeness; and the micro-integration of hospital services. The three different standpoints (patient shadowing, health professionals' interviews and patients' interviews) allowed different issues to be captured in the various phases of the journey. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitals can significantly improve the quality of the service provided by exploring and understanding the individual patient journey. When dealing with a key cross-functional business process, the time-space dynamics of the activities performed have to be considered. Further research in the academic field can explore practical, methodological and ethical challenges more deeply in capturing the whole patient journey experience by using multiple methods and integrated tools.

Expectations and experiences of hospital postnatal care in the UK: a systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies.

OBJECTIVES: To report on women's and families' expectations and experiences of hospital postnatal care, and also to reflect on women's satisfaction with hospital postnatal care and to relate their expectations to their actual care experiences. DESIGN: Systematic review. SETTING: UK. PARTICIPANTS: Postnatal women. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Women's and families' expectations, experiences and satisfaction with hospital postnatal care. METHODS: Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL Plus), Science Citation Index, and Social Sciences Citation Index were searched to identify relevant studies published since 1970. We incorporated findings from qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies. Eligible studies were independently screened and quality-assessed using a modified version of the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for quantitative studies and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for qualitative studies. Data were extracted on participants' characteristics, study period, setting, study objective and study specified outcomes, in addition to the summary of results. RESULTS: Data were included from 53 studies, of which 28 were quantitative, 19 were qualitative and 6 were mixed-methods studies. The methodological quality of the included studies was mixed, and only three were completely free from bias. Women were generally satisfied with their hospital postnatal care but were critical of staff interaction, the ward environment and infant feeding support. Ethnic minority women were more critical of hospital postnatal care than white women. Although duration of postnatal stay has declined over time, women were generally happy with this aspect of their care. There was limited evidence regarding women's expectations of postnatal care, families' experience and social disadvantage. CONCLUSION: Women were generally positive about their experiences of hospital postnatal care, but improvements could still be made. Individualised, flexible models of postnatal care should be evaluated and implemented. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42017057913.

Digital Patient Communication: Improving the Hospital-Patient Relationship.

Digitally engaging patients in their care processes was for many years limited to sharing care related documents (e.g. laboratory or radiology findings, discharge letters) with them through personal electronic health records. Newer concepts have led to the establishment of patient portals as patient frontends to a hospitals electronic health record. Rarely however have complete patient pathways with pre-hospitalization, inpatient stay and post-hospitalization been evaluated to identify chains of communication processes involving clinical care scenarios, as well as subsequent home monitoring scenarios. Neither have such approaches been integrated with digital communication processes related to a patients engagement in medical research projects. In order to enhance hospital-patient relationships in a holistic manner, we hypothesize that an integrated environment (e.g. patient portal) supporting shared decision making and communication in a patient´s care situation and in the same time providing communication processes for patient research engagement will optimize the patient-hospital relationship and be supportive in binding a patient to this care providing institution.

Patient complaints in radiology: 9-year experience at a European tertiary care center.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency, nature (using standardized coding taxonomy), and temporal trends of patient complaints about the radiological service provided in a European tertiary care center. METHODS: This retrospective study included all written patient complaints received by the department of radiology of a European tertiary care center within a 9-year period. RESULTS: A total of 94 written patient complaints were included. Overall complaint frequency was 14.4 per 100,000 radiological procedures. Complaint frequencies per 100,000 procedures were 103.7 for interventional radiology, 13.9 for MRI, 6.9 for ultrasonography, 6.5 for CT, 4.5 for fluoroscopy, and 1.2 for conventional radiography. Interventional radiology received significantly more complaints than all other radiological procedures (p < 0.001), and cross-sectional imaging (CT, MRI, and ultrasonography) received significantly more complaints than conventional radiography (p < 0.001). Fifty-three (56.4%) complaints belonged to the clinical domain, 22 (23.4%) to the relationships domain, and 19 (20.2%) to the management domain. Quality (34.0%), safety (22.3%), timing and access (18.1%), and communication (18.1%) constituted almost all complaint categories. Patient journey (19.1%), delays (18.1%), communication breakdown (16.0%), errors in diagnosis (11.7%), quality of care (9.6%), treatment (6.4%), and staff attitudes (2.1%) constituted almost all complaint subcategories. Annual frequency of complaints decreased over time (Mann-Kendall tau = - 0.429), although not significantly (p = 0.174). CONCLUSION: Written patient complaints directed to a department of radiology at a European tertiary care center are relatively few in number and have not shown a temporal increase. Knowledge of sources of patient dissatisfaction may help to reduce the number of patient complaints and improve patient care. KEY POINTS: • Approximately 14.4 written patient complaints per 100,000 radiological procedures are filed in a European tertiary care center, and they have not increased over a 9-year period. • Written patient complaints most frequently involve interventional radiology, and the main complaint categories are quality (34.0%), safety (22.3%), timing and access (18.1%), and communication (18.1%). • Knowledge of the nature of and circumstances under which patient complaints arise may reduce their number and improve patient care.

PARENTS 2 Study: a qualitative study of the views of healthcare professionals and stakeholders on parental engagement in the perinatal mortality review-from 'bottom of the pile' to joint learning.

OBJECTIVE: Engaging bereaved parents in the review process that examines their care before and after a perinatal death might help parents deal with their grief more effectively and drive improvements in patient safety. The objective of this study is to explore whether healthcare professionals would accept or support parent engagement in the perinatal mortality review process. DESIGN: Qualitative focus group interviews. Transcripts were analysed with an inductive thematic approach. SETTING: Two geographically distinct tertiary maternity hospitals in the UK. PARTICIPANTS: Five focus groups were conducted with clinical staff including midwives, obstetricians, neonatologists, nursing staff and chaplaincy services. RESULTS: Twenty-seven healthcare professionals unanimously agreed that parents' involvement in the perinatal mortality review process is useful and necessary. Six key themes emerged including: parental engagement; need for formal follow-up; critical structure of perinatal mortality review meeting; coordination and streamlining of care; advocacy for parents including role of the bereavement care lead; and requirement for training and support for staff to enable parental engagement. CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare professionals strongly advocated engaging bereaved parents in the perinatal mortality review: empowering parents to ask questions, providing feedback on care, helping generate lessons and providing them with the opportunity to discuss a summary of the review conclusions with their primary healthcare professional contact. The participants agreed it is time to move on from 'a group of doctors reviewing notes' to active learning and improvement together with parents, to enable better care and prevention of perinatal death.

"Kicked out into the real world": prostate cancer patients' experiences with transitioning from hospital-based supervised exercise to unsupervised exercise in the community.

PURPOSE: Regular exercise is recommended to mitigate the adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of transition to unsupervised, community-based exercise among men who had participated in a hospital-based supervised exercise programme in order to propose components that supported transition to unsupervised exercise. METHODS: Participants were selected by means of purposive, criteria-based sampling. Men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy who had completed a 12-week hospital-based, supervised, group exercise intervention were invited to participate. The programme involved aerobic and resistance training using machines and included a structured transition to a community-based fitness centre. Data were collected by means of semi-structured focus group interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Five focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 29 men, of whom 25 reported to have continued to exercise at community-based facilities. Three thematic categories emerged: Development and practice of new skills; Establishing social relationships; and Familiarising with bodily well-being. These were combined into an overarching theme: From learning to doing. Components suggested to support transition were as follows: a structured transition involving supervised exercise sessions at a community-based facility; strategies to facilitate peer support; transferable tools including an individual exercise chart; and access to 'check-ups' by qualified exercise specialists. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital-based, supervised exercise provides a safe learning environment. Transferring to community-based exercise can be experienced as a confrontation with the real world and can be eased through securing a structured transition, having transferable tools, sustained peer support and monitoring.

Violencia percibida por trabajadores de la salud de parte de los usuarios del Servicio de Salud Talcahuano en Lirquén, Chile, 2017 / Health workers' perception of user violence in the Talcahuano Health Service in Lirquén, Chile, 2017

La violencia en los centros de salud, que históricamente afectaba a algunos puestos de trabajo, actualmente es generalizada. La alta exposición de los trabajadores a agresiones repercute negativamente en su seguridad y salud. OBJETIVO: Describir la violencia percibida por los trabajadores de la salud de parte de los usuarios del Servicio de Salud Talcahuano en Lirquén, Chile. MÉTODOS: Se realizó en 2017 un estudio descriptivo transversal, en lo cual participaron 155 trabajadores de dos centros de salud pertenecientes al Servicio de Salud Talcahuano. Los participantes, quienes dieron su consentimiento informado, contestaron un instrumento validado, de autoaplicación, anónimo y confidencial. El análisis se presenta con tablas de distribución, promedios y datos de dispersión. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que el 70,3% de los trabajadores reporta haber sufrido violencia por parte de los usuarios, tratándose en el 85,3% de violencia verbal. Los más afectados son médicos, odontólogos y enfermeros. Los actos de violencia ocurrieron preferentemente en la mañana, durante la espera de su hora o en medio de una atención sanitaria. Las principales causas identificadas fueron el tiempo de espera y la salud mental del usuario. El perfil del agresor corresponde a un paciente adulto sin distinción de sexo. Finalmente, sólo el 9,2% de las agresiones se notificó formalmente; un 30% de los trabajadores considera que el registro es inútil, y un 72,5% considera que la frecuencia de la violencia se mantiene igual o va en aumento. CONCLUSIONES: La violencia de los usuarios afecta a la mayoría de los trabajadores de la salud. Existe mínima notificación formal y escaso registro de las agresiones. Es necesario capacitar a los trabajadores para prevenir y manejar las agresiones.

INTRODUCTION: Violence in health centers, which historically affected only a few occupations, is now widespread. The prevalent exposure of workers to aggressions has a negative impact on their safety and health. OBJECTIVE: To describe user violence perceived by health workers of the Talcahuano Health Service in Lirquén, Chile. METHODS. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, with 155 participants who were workers in two health centers, belonging to the Talcahuano Health Service, in 2017. After going through an informed consent process, participants answered a validated, self-applied, anonymous, and confidential instrument. Analysis is presented with distribution tables, averages, and dispersion data. RESULTS: It was found that 70.3% of workers reported having suffered violence by users, and that 85.3% of that violence was verbal. The most affected workers were doctors, dentists, and nurses. The acts of violence occurred tended to occur in the morning, while users waited to be seen or during their appointment; the main causes were wait time and the users' mental health. The aggressors were adult users, of both sexes. Finally, only 9.2% of the attacks were formally reported; 30% of the workers believe that registering the violence is useless; and 72.5% consider that the amount of violence remains the same or is increasing. CONCLUSIONS: User violence affects the majority of health workers. There is minimal formal notification and scarce registration of the aggressions. Workers should be trained to prevent and address these aggressions.